Dementia and Alzheimer Disease

Alzheimer’s pathophysiology

Beta amyloid plaques and Neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein Pathology are prime suspects of neuronal cell death in Alzheimer’s it caused by accumulation of abnormally folded A-beta and tau proteins  and Plaques of small peptides 39–43 amino acids to  form Beta-amyloid which comprises amyloid precursor protein (APP) and a transmembrane protein that pierce the neuron's membrane. It later forms a fibrils of amyloid protein clump which get deposited in neurons to form a dense senile plaques, amyloid fibrils disrupts the cell’s calcium ions homeostasis and induces apoptosis of neurons which results in neurodegeneration affecting brain functioning.